造成塔堵，主要是硫堵和盐堵，究其原因，主要有以下几个方面

The main causes of tower blockage are sulfur plugging and salt plugging. The main reasons are as follows

(1)进塔气体质量差，气体夹带的煤灰、煤焦油和其它杂质等，长时间积累在填料上，形成塔阻力上升，产生塔堵。

(1) the gas quality of the inlet tower is poor, and the coal ash, coal tar and other impurities entrained by the gas are accumulated on the packing for a long time, resulting in the tower resistance rising and the tower blocking.

(2)脱硫吸收和析硫反应，80%是在脱硫塔内进行的，塔内析出的硫，不能及时随脱硫液带出塔外，极容易粘结在填料表面，导致气体偏流，时间久了，形成堵塔。

(2) and analysis of sulfur desulfurization reaction, 80% is in the desulfurization tower, the tower can not be timely with the precipitation of sulfur, desulfurization liquid with a tower, easily bonded on the surface of the packing, resulting in gas drift, a long time, the formation of the tower block.

(3)溶液循环量小，形成脱硫塔，喷淋密度降低，一般要求喷淋密度在35-50立方米/㎡h，喷淋密度小，易使塔内填料形成干区，气液接触不好，脱硫效率下降，时间一长，就会形成局部堵塞，气液偏流，塔阻上升，造成塔堵。

(3) the solution circulation is small, the formation of desulfurization tower, spray density decreased and the general requirements of spray density in 35-50 h cubic meters / square meters, the spray density is small, easy to make the tower to form the dry zone, the gas-liquid contact is not good, the desulfurization efficiency decreased, for a long time, it will form a partial blockage, gas liquid drift, tower resistance increased the tower, causing blockage.

(4)脱硫系统设备存在问题，一是脱硫塔填料选择不当，脱硫塔气液分布器、再分布器及除沫器结构不合理或安装出现偏差。脱硫塔在检修时，仅将塔内填料扒出清洗，而未将堵塞在除沫器和驼峰板的两驼降之间的碎填料和积硫及时清理出去，造成除沫器和驼峰板的降液孔不畅通，以致开车后，形成气体偏流，塔阻上升。二是溶液再生有问题，硫浮选效果差，悬浮硫上升，脱硫效率下降。主要表现在，再生设备不配套，氧化再生槽设计上存在缺陷。氧化再生槽内无分布板，如西华某公司年产4.5万吨合成氨能力，氧化再生槽为￠8000/9000/10000，高9米，可谓不小，但槽内却无分布板(至少应有1层)。有的厂氧化再生槽分布板孔径过大，一般分布板孔径为8-15㎜，孔距20-25㎜。空气自吸式喷射器选用及安装不合理，吸空气量小，再生空气量不够，一般吹风强度在50-80立方米/㎡h。空气自吸式喷射器尾管距再生槽底距离过大，一般尾管距槽底距离为600㎜，最好不超过800㎜，距离过大，易形成槽内死区过多，影响再生效果。

(4) there are some problems in the desulfurization system, one is the improper selection of the packing of the desulfurization tower, the unreasonable structure or installation deviation of the gas and liquid distributor, re distributor and demister in the desulfurization tower. The desulfurization tower in maintenance, only the tower Bachu cleaning, without the jam in the demister and hump plate broken down between the two camel filler and sulfur deposition cleared out, causing the liquid dropping holes demister and hump plate is not smooth, so that driving after the formation of gas drift, tower resistance on the rise. Two, there is a problem of regeneration of solution, sulfur flotation effect is poor, suspended sulfur rise, desulfurization efficiency decreased. Mainly in the regeneration equipment is not matching, oxidation regeneration tank design defects. Oxidation regeneration tank without distribution plate, such as 45 thousand tons of synthetic ammonia capacity of a company in Xihua with an annual output of, oxidation regeneration tank for phi 8000/9000/10000, 9 meters high, is not small, but no slot distribution board (at least 1 layer). Some plant oxidation regeneration tank distribution plate aperture is too large, the general distribution of plate diameter 8-15 mm, 20-25 mm hole distance. Air self suction jet selection and installation is not reasonable, the suction volume is small, the regeneration air volume is not enough, the general strength in blowing 50-80 cubic meters / square meters H. Air self suction jet tail pipe from the regeneration tank bottom distance is too large, generally the tail pipe groove bottom distance of 600 mm, preferably not more than 800 mm, the distance is too large, easy to form a groove over dead, regeneration effect.